Contribution of private enterprises to Vietnam’s GDP is less than 10%, which indicates the slow progress towards a full market-based economy in the country, according to economist Pham Chi Lan.

Overview of the conference. Photo: Nguyen Tung.

Lan’s assessment is similar to a previous statement by Chairman of Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry (VCCI) Vu Tien Loc that of the 40% of GDP contribution by the private sector, five million business households make up 30% and the remaining by 700,000 private firms.

“There have been resolutions and legal documents from the government to form a market-based economy in Vietnam, but the focus has only been to address difficulties in the business environment for the business community,” Lan said at a conference on July 29.

Meanwhile, many countries in the world have now shifted to the process of creating favorable business conditions, Lan added.

According to Lan, there remain major issues hindering the country from moving towards a full market-based economy. Lan went on to say that, of the three major economic components, namely state-owned enterprise, foreign-invested enterprise and private enterprise, the third one is the least favored in government incentive policies.

“It is challenging for private firms to access state resources for development,” Lan asserted.

Economist Le Dang Doanh added while over 90 countries and territories have recognized Vietnam’s market-based economy, the US and EU, Vietnam’s two major economic partners, have not done so.

“Institutional barriers must be removed, while the state should refrain from excessive intervention into the market,” Doanh suggested, adding it should only hold core business fields with potential impacts on national security to ensure true market-based economy in Vietnam.

“Benefits would be huge if Vietnam is recognized as a market-based economy by major global economies,” Doanh stressed. For example, Vietnam’s export products would be less susceptible to trade protection measures, or the country is set to attract more investment capital, Doanh said.

Sharing the same view, former Director of the Central Institute for Economic Management (CIEM) Nguyen Dinh Cung said the law of supply and demand, not the state, should decide the production of goods and services.

As part of the reform process, Cung urged more attention is needed to work out laws and regulations specialized in protecting the ownership rights for assets of businesses and the people.

“Once the ownership rights are ensured, the influence of the state in the economy would gradually diminish and the market is set to operate fully on its own,” Cung added.