Hanoi pho bowl. Photo: Nghiendulich

Hanoi's iconic dish, pho, has been officially listed as Vietnam's National Intangible Cultural Heritage since August 9, 2024. This designation not only underscores the historical and cultural significance of pho, but also paves the way for the preservation and promotion of this culinary treasure.

From its humble origins as a street snack in the early 1900s, pho has evolved into a widely recognized symbol of Hanoi cuisine. Known for its aromatic broth and delicate rice noodles, traditional Hanoi pho is typically served in two main varieties: beef and chicken. A perfect blend of flavors and textures, the dish is often accompanied by fresh herbs, spices, and crispy fried dough sticks.

Beyond its nutritional value, pho serves as a cultural bridge, uniting people from all backgrounds. Its preservation is owed to generations of pho artisans who have carefully guarded and passed down their craft, transforming family-run pho shops into cherished cultural landmarks.

Famous pho eateries in Hanoi include Pho Ong Dao, which started as a mobile pho cart in the Old Quarter, and Pho Thin Bo Ho, which was founded by Bui Chi Thin in the 1950s. By 2023, Hanoi boasted nearly 700 pho shops, with the highest concentrations in districts such as Hoan Kiem, Ba Dinh, and Hai Ba Trung. 

In cooperation with local authorities and communities, the Hanoi Department of Culture and Sports has undertaken a comprehensive documentation of pho's history, preparation techniques, and cultural value to apply for pho's inclusion on the National Intangible Cultural Heritage List, cementing its status as a vital element of Vietnam's culinary heritage.

The designation is expected to have a far-reaching impact, encouraging initiatives to preserve the traditional artistry of pho while promoting it as a symbol of Hanoi's cultural identity.

To celebrate this national heritage, Hanoi will host the Hanoi Cuisine Festival 2024 under the theme "Hanoi Connecting the World" from November 29 to December 1 at Thong Nhat Park. 

The festival will include a formal ceremony to honor pho's new status, attended by city officials, cultural ambassadors and culinary experts. Vietnamese artist Xuan Bac will also join the event to help expand the global appeal of pho and its heritage.

Highlights include a panel discussion on "Preserving and Promoting Hanoi's Pho Heritage," featuring insights from culinary experts and pho artisans. The festival will also see an exhibition of pho-related photography and traditional cultural performances, giving visitors a deeper understanding of Hanoi's culinary heritage.

The festival aims to position Hanoi as a premier culinary destination and foster cooperation with international organizations, businesses and embassies. By promoting traditional food and cultural tourism, the event seeks to enhance Hanoi's global reputation, attract foreign investment, and stimulate economic growth while enriching the city's cultural offerings. A culinary icon that spans generations, Hanoi's pho is more than a dish; it's a testament to the city's rich heritage and an enduring bridge between Vietnam and the world.